There is a strong desire to automate the transport system. 
The driving forces are several. Safety is often cited as the main reason. 
Regardless of reasons presented, automated vehicles face two major challenges;

1) the insurance aspects, on what grounds can and should autonomous vehicles be insured. 
Since we know that 100% safety cannot be achieved, the vehicles will be 
constantly updated and upgraded via Over-the-Air (OTA), but must always be insured.

2) Today, the insurance companies are excluded from access to the vehicle system and 
have difficulty managing insurance premiums.

These problems will not only apply to automated vehicles, but the entire transport system. 
Today, a common standardization of how to describe the vehicle's operational context is being formulated, 
called Operational Design Domains (ODD). These should apply to the entire transport system. 
4S aims at taking a holistic approach to sustainability, the insurance aspects and 
the business benefits of autonomous systems via Strategic Design Domains-SDD.